Which architecture does Hyperledger Fabric use to improve upon the order-execute model?

Hyperledger Fabric employs the Execute-Order-Validate architecture to enhance the traditional order-execute model found in many blockchain systems. In this architecture, the process is broken down into three distinct phases that allow for improved efficiency and adaptability.

Firstly, in the Execute phase, transactions are proposed and independently simulated by peers in the network. This allows each peer to verify the transaction's correctness and its effects on the ledger without committing it to the blockchain yet. It provides a mechanism for ensuring that transactions are valid before they are submitted for ordering, which helps reduce conflicts and rejections later.

Next, the Order phase aggregates and orders transactions, a process facilitated by a consensus mechanism. This phase ensures that the transaction order is agreed upon by the participating nodes, which is crucial for maintaining consistency across the distributed ledger.

Finally, the Validate phase involves validating the ordered transactions against the current state of the ledger before they are committed. During this phase, each peer checks that the transactions have not been altered and that they are acceptable, ensuring the integrity and validity of the blockchain.

This architecture allows Hyperledger Fabric to handle complex business processes while providing scalability and flexibility. Specifically, it allows for transactions to be executed in parallel, reducing bottlenecks and increasing throughput, which is one